{"id":26472,"date":"2016-11-16T14:30:00","date_gmt":"2016-11-16T14:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/udsenterprise.com\/isolating-systems-linux-namespaces\/"},"modified":"2024-07-22T13:52:47","modified_gmt":"2024-07-22T13:52:47","slug":"isolating-systems-linux-namespaces","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/udsenterprise.com\/en\/isolating-systems-linux-namespaces\/","title":{"rendered":"Isolating systems with Linux Namespaces"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>All the other processes start below this process in the tree. The PID namespace allows one to spin off a new tree, with its own PID 1 process. The process that does this remains in the parent namespace, in the original tree, but makes <strong>the child the root of its own process tree<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>A <strong>network namespace<\/strong> allows each of these processes to see an entirely different set of networking <strong>interfaces<\/strong>. Even the loopback interface is different for each network namespace. In order to provide a usable network interface in the child namespace, it is necessary to set up additional \u201c<strong>virtual<\/strong>\u201d network interfaces which span multiple namespaces. Linux also maintains a <strong>data structure<\/strong> for all the mountpoints of the system. It includes information like what <strong>disk partitions are mounted<\/strong>, where they are mounted, whether they are readonly, et cetera. <\/p>\n<p>There are other namespaces that these processes can be isolated into, <strong>namely user, IPC, and UTS<\/strong>. The user namespace allows a process to have <strong>root privileges<\/strong> within the namespace, without giving it that access to processes outside of the namespace. Isolating a process by the IPC namespace gives it its own <strong>interprocess communication<\/strong> resources, for example, System V IPC and POSIX messages. The UTS namespace isolates two specific identifiers of the system: nodename and domainname.<\/p>\n<p>For more details, please refer to the original article available in Toptal blog.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>If you\u2019ve used tools like <strong>Docker<\/strong>, you already know that these tools are capable of <strong>isolating processes<\/strong> in small \u201ccontainers\u201d. Running processes in Docker <strong>containers<\/strong> is like running them in virtual machines, only these containers are significantly lighter than virtual machines. <\/p>\n<p>With the introduction of <strong>Linux namespaces<\/strong>, it became possible to have <strong>multiple \u201cnested\u201d process trees<\/strong>. Each process tree can have an entirely isolated set of processes. This can ensure that processes belonging to one process tree cannot <strong>inspect or kill<\/strong> &#8211; in fact cannot even know of the existence of &#8211; processes in other sibling or parent process trees. Every time a computer with Linux boots up, it starts with just one process, with <strong>process identifier (PID) 1<\/strong>. This process is the root of the process tree, and it initiates the rest of the system by performing the appropriate maintenance work and starting the correct <strong>daemons\/services<\/strong>. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":12771,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[985,1023,931,926],"tags":[986,1024,934,928],"class_list":["post-26472","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hot-news","category-linux-en","category-open-source","category-security","tag-hot-news","tag-linux-en","tag-open-source","tag-security"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.1 (Yoast SEO v27.1.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Isolating systems with Linux Namespaces<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/udsenterprise.com\/en\/isolating-systems-linux-namespaces\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Isolating systems with Linux Namespaces\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"If you\u2019ve used tools like Docker, you already know that these tools are capable of isolating processes in small \u201ccontainers\u201d. Running processes in Docker containers is like running them in virtual machines, only these containers are significantly lighter than virtual machines. With the introduction of Linux namespaces, it became possible to have multiple \u201cnested\u201d process trees. Each process tree can have an entirely isolated set of processes. This can ensure that processes belonging to one process tree cannot inspect or kill - in fact cannot even know of the existence of - processes in other sibling or parent process trees. Every time a computer with Linux boots up, it starts with just one process, with process identifier (PID) 1. 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